Thursday, July 31, 2008

In love for life, they died on the same day

In love for life, they died on the same day

Tony Stephens
July 31, 2008

MARIE and Frank Cotton studied dentistry together, when she, the shining star of her year at Sydney University, tutored him. They married, raised a family after he returned from war, and set up a dental surgery together. They played tennis and built a court and gardens together.

The Cottons, of a famous Sydney family, did just about everything together. And on Monday, after 65 years of married togetherness, they died together.

In later life the Cottons had moved to a retirement village at Baulkham Hills, where they were together until Marie, suffering from Alzheimer's disease, went to a nearby nursing home three years ago. Frank joined her after a heart attack in March.

Determined to stay alive while she clung to life, he recovered enough to care for her. Marie was moved into Frank's room on Sunday night. She died early on Monday. He said he just wanted to grieve, then die. He had a heart attack a few hours later, was revived, but died on Monday evening.

Frank, who was 89, was born Leo Frank, one of five children of Frances, who died when Frank was 11, and Leo, a geologist who accompanied Edgeworth David on Ernest Shackleton's expedition to the South Magnetic Pole in 1908, married again and became professor of geology at Sydney University.

Frank's uncle, also Frank, was a physiology professor at Sydney University who invented pressured suits that limited the likelihood of pilots having blackouts - which the Americans developed as zoot suits during World War II - and established training methods for athletes, swimmers and rowers credited with bringing Australia Olympic gold medals.

One of Frank's sisters, Olive, was the photographer who worked with, and for two years was married to, Max Dupain. She took the photographs at Marie and Frank's wedding.

Marie Cotton, who was 88, was born Helen Marie, the only child of Edna and Owen Patison, of Longueville. Owen, blinded in the Battle of Pozieres on the Western Front, named her Marie after the French girl who had written his letters home to his fiancee, Edna. He recovered sight in one eye.

Marie had some schooling in Fiji and on Lord Howe Island before taking her Leaving Certificate at 16 at SCECGS Redlands, Cremorne, where she was dux.

Frank's home in Hornsby had a small orchard, tennis court, cricket pitch and darkroom for Olive. Uncle Frank's swimming pool was over the valley.

Young Frank went to Roseville Public and Chatswood and North Sydney Boys high schools. He was captain at North Sydney, represented Combined High Schools in rugby and cricket and won sprint and long jump titles at CHS and state schoolboy carnivals.

He "only just" matriculated, chose dentistry, and found himself in the same year as Marie Patison. She was one of two young women, with 57 men.

Frank won university blues for rugby and athletics and a credit in dentistry, doubtless due to having had a good tutor.

"The many evenings spent studying together (even if it meant missing the bus home) did a great deal towards helping me finally graduate," he said later. The good tutor, Marie, graduated with high distinctions, winning the prizes for every subject and becoming the first woman to take the University Medal in dentistry, in 1941. Both worked at the Sydney Dental Hospital until Frank joined the Royal Australian Navy at Garden Island, in August 1942. On December 19 that year, he married his tutor. Three weeks later he joined HMAS Platypus in Cairns and, in May 1944, HMAS Shropshire.

The Shropshire took part in bombardments along the New Guinea coast to Morotai and the battles off the Philippines - Leyte Gulf, Surigao Strait and Lingayen Gulf. Kamikazes narrowly missed the Shropshire, while hitting her sister ship, Australia. In February 1945 the Shropshire supported the airborne landing when the Allies recaptured Corregidor, the island gateway to the Philippines.

Back home, Frank and Marie bought a hairdressing salon in Lane Cove and set up a surgery. They bought a home in Longueville and built a new one on the site. Marie helped as bricklayer, concreter, stonemason, painter and gardener.

They built a tennis court, with lawns and gardens, where a young John Newcombe, later the tennis champion, played. They went snow-skiing, Marie and Frank teaching their children, Doug, Robyn, Pam and Nicky. They planted rose gardens in holiday homes at Jindabyne and Leura. The family went camping, often at Narooma.

Sometimes at night the children would watch their parents examining models of the human jaw and various dental impressions. Frank made models of the house they had built, and of a caravan, from dental wax and balsa. Marie's creativity was also expressed in tapestry, painting and collage.

Marie and Frank Cotton are survived by their four children, and 13 grandchildren, the youngest of whom is two. Their funeral will be at St Andrew's Uniting Church, Longueville, at 1pm today.

This story was found at: http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2008/07/30/1217097331289.html


Read more!

Wednesday, July 30, 2008

Don't jail man who sexually abused our daughter, parents tell Sask. court



(This is not exactly a 'good' story as such for some but I just wanna highlight the extent of 'love your neighbour' of this couple. I don't think i am that kind if this happens to my daughter)


Don't jail man who sexually abused our daughter, parents tell Sask. court


Jana G Pruden
Canwest News Service

Tuesday, July 29, 2008

REGINA - The parents of a victimized child stood in a Regina courtroom Tuesday to plead for clemency for the man who sexually abused their daughter.

"We don't really want him punished by going to jail," said the woman, who cannot be named because it would identify her daughter.

George Palanciuc, 20, pleaded guilty Tuesday to sexual assault and is slated to be sentenced Thursday.

Crown prosecutor Jamie Fitz-Gerald said the first sign of trouble occurred in July 2006, when the child, then four, told her mother Palanciuc had put his "ding dong" in her mouth "like a lollipop."

A relative of Palanciuc's used to babysit the child.

The prosecutor told court the family initially wasn't sure the child's claim was true, particularly since the girl seemed to enjoy going to the Palanciuc home. But about a year later, the child was eating a hotdog and asked her mother if her mother wanted to put the "ding dong" in her mouth. She later made similar comments about ding dongs and lollipops to her father.

When interviewed by investigators, Palanciuc immediately admitted to putting his penis in the girl's mouth on one occasion, and said he put a piece of cloth over her eyes and told the little girl it was a sucker. Palanciuc told police he stopped as soon as the girl said "yuck" or "yucky."

Palanciuc has no criminal record, and the prosecutor noted he "otherwise seems to be a decent individual." A pre-sentence report found Palanciuc a low-risk to reoffend.

Defence lawyer Noah Evanchuk said Palanciuc is extremely remorseful, and is deeply concerned about the effects of his actions on the girl and her family.

The defence is asking for a community-based sentence of about 18 months, and the Crown is requesting a two-year penitentiary term.

After the lawyers' submissions, the girl's mother stood and addressed the court. She said the situation has been very hard on the family, but they don't want the young accused to go to jail or for anything bad to happen to him.

"We just want him to show us that he is extremely sorry for what he did to our daughter," she said.

Provincial court Judge Murray Brown listened to the woman's plea, then remarked on the unusual situation.

"Well, I have to say that's probably the first and one of the few times you'll ever hear the victim's family make a plea like that," he said.

Palanciuc wept as he addressed the court.

"I just want to say I'm so sorry. If I could just get some help," he said, his voice trailing off. "I just want you to forgive me."

Palanciuc added that he doesn't deserve mercy or forgiveness.

After listening to Palanciuc's tearful words, the victim's father spoke softly, saying: "Anger has left me. I had to get rid of the anger otherwise I couldn't live."

The victim's mother said the little girl seems to be doing well, and said the family is taking it one day at a time.

"I'm so sorry," Palanciuc said again, as he wept.

"I know, George," the girl's father told him. "I know."
© Regina Leader-Post 2008

Copyright © 2008 CanWest Interactive, a division of CanWest MediaWorks Publications, Inc.. All rights reserved.
CanWest Interactive, a division of CanWest MediaWorks Publications, Inc.. All rights reserved.

Read more!

Tuesday, July 29, 2008

Making miracles a reality



News
Making miracles a reality

Wal-Mart manager is stuck on roof until $5K is raised for Children's Miracle Network
By Dale Liesch
Published: Friday, July 25, 2008 12:05 AM CDT
Alexander City Wal-Mart Store Manager Joseph Manly is stuck on the roof of his store and he needs help, in the form of donations, to get down.

Manly was raised to the roof by an Alexander City Fire Department bucket truck in front of a group of employees and other managers Thursday morning.

Manly is on the roof in order to support Children’s Miracle Network, a charity Wal-Mart has supported for 20 years. Manly will be on the roof until the store raises $5,000 for the charity.

“I have faith that we’ll raise the money quickly,” Manly said. “There are people out there that know how great CMN is and they’ll come through for me.”

100 percent of the proceeds from donations go to support the charity and there are many different ways for individuals to get involved. There will be a car wash, Saturday with prices ranging from $5 per car to $7 for trucks. There will also be a hotdog cart where the food sold will support the charity and help get Manly off the roof. Customers can purchase miracle maker bracelets inside the store and sign their names on balloons that will hang up in the store for $1 each.

Manly said the idea to hit the roof came to him from an old store manager he had who first attempted the feat in order to raise money for CMN.

“It is one of the things we do to bring the community together,” Manly said. “Its not about Wal-Mart except that I’ll be on the roof. Its all about the charity.”

Dana Little the store’s CMN representative said the money donated will go to help children’s hospitals in the area and would go to help children in need.

“If a child has an illness and the parents have trouble paying hospital bills it helps,” Little said. “That way the parents can focus on getting the child better rather than worrying about the hospital bills.”

Little encourages individuals who shop and Wal-Mart and businesses all over the area to donate toward the good cause that also helps bring needed equipment to hospitals.


Copyright © 2008 - Alexander City Outlook
Read more!

Monday, July 28, 2008

Angels of mercy get by on a wing and a prayer




26/07/2008 17:34 - (SA)
Angels of mercy get by on a wing and a prayer

Loyiso Sidimba

KEW, north of Johannesburg, looks like any other industrial area, but on Eleventh Road the Banakekeleni Hospice is a haven for the township’s dying.

Founder and project manager Rose Kubayi, 37 other women and a handful of men have dedicated their lives to caring for those who have no one else to turn to in their last hours. Banakekeleni has between 15 and 20 patients and survives on donations.

A former English, Afrikaans and history teacher at Realogile High School, the 62-year-old Kubayi resigned in 2000 after pupils increasingly approached her to tell her about their HIV status or their parents’ poor health.

“We started preparations the following year and registered with the Department of Social Development in May 2003. Our first admission was that September,” she says.

It was hard work, and two women volunteers from her church soon gave up, followed by another three. Luckily she then teamed up with the hospice’s two current co-ordinators, Grace Maratlulle and Josephine Makondo, who have been there ever since.

Kubayi says they started with no money at all, and survived the first few months thanks to donations from individuals, companies, hotels and hospitals.

“We got financial assistance from the health department only in 2004,” she says.

“We do not admit patients from Alexandra only, but also from as far away as Mpumalanga and Brits in North West,” says Kubayi.

Although policy dictates that a patient pays an admission fee of R500, many are unable to do so. “We admit patients even if they do not have money, but we organise disability grants for them.”

Of the 37 staff members, two are retired nurses who supervise the 16 care-givers, with a doctor coming in voluntarily whenever possible.

At Banakekeleni there is no fixed salary: workers receive stipends, and these were secured only after the health department started funding the institution.

One Alexandra resident who goes the extra mile to help is a 65-year-old devout Christian, Nelly Hlongwane, whom Kubayi says is one of the hospice’s pillars of strength.

Kubayi says Hlongwane has been sacrificing a day every week for two years. She cleans the hospice while fasting the entire day.

“I help those who are sick, to thank God for giving me good health; but if I had more I would also donate,” Hlongwane says.

Local churches help a lot, with some offering prayer services.

The warehouse had no electricity, but employees of Nashua Kopano and the company’s finance department, with the help of City Power, helped connect the hospice in 2004.

There are still problems, though, such as thieves breaking into the storeroom. Banakekeleni’s two security guards have no training.

For now, however, that is the least of their troubles. A former tenant of the warehouse, whom Kubayi refused to name, has been threatening the hospice with eviction since it opened, even involving his lawyers.

“When a businessman wanted to buy the warehouse for us and requested a title deed, he failed to give us one,” she says.

A search through the deeds register yielded nothing, and the National African Federated Chamber of Commerce and Industry, whose official opened the building 21 years ago according to a commemorative plaque, has not been helpful.

When they took over the warehouse it had been unused for six years. “It took us all of 2001 to clean this place; it was very dirty. Alexandra youth organised themselves and asked for donations of paint from local businesses,” Kubayi says.

Among the corporates helping Banakekeleni is the Johannesburg human resources office of accounting firm Deloitte’s.

When City Press visited the hospice this week, Johannesburg-based radio station 94.7 Highveld Stereo was there donating several boxes of blankets.

Makhosi Chiwashira facilitates Deloitte’s partnership with the hospice. Chiwashira hopes their division will raise enough money to buy two oxygen pumps, a washing machine and a tumble-dryer.

They have also adopted Banakekeleni as a fund-raising cause for next month’s Deloitte’s Global Impact Day, which is dedicated to volunteering in poor communities.

# Banakekeleni Hospice can be contacted on 011-443-2010.
Read more!

Friday, July 25, 2008

Reuters | Friday, 25 July 2008

Friday, 25 Jul 2008


Tennis balls anyone? Bank collects thousands

A Canadian bank is collecting tens of thousands of unwanted tennis balls, which it says it will recycle to reduce noise levels in primary schools.

The donated balls will be sliced open and stuck on the bottom of the legs of school chairs and tables to muffle classroom noise and make it easier for students to learn, Montreal-based National Bank of Canada says.

"A lot of schools have told us it works," said spokeswoman Valerie Lamarre.

Last year, the first time it held the drive, National Bank collected more than 53,000 used tennis balls and gave them to 150 primary schools in the province of Quebec, Lamarre said.

The idea is linked to the bank's sponsorship of the Rogers Cup tennis tournament, being held this week in Montreal and Toronto.

Used tennis balls can be dropped into recycling bins at National Bank branches until August 8.

You may not copy, republish or distribute this page or the content from it without having obtained written permission from the copyright owner. To enquire about copyright clearances contact clearance@fairfaxnz.co.nz.

Read more!

Wednesday, July 23, 2008

How Christian the lion became a YouTube sensation


How Christian the lion became a YouTube sensation

Surprising story behind the video that tugs heartstrings after 34 years


By Mike Celizic
TODAYShow.com contributor
updated 11:27 a.m. ET July 22, 2008

The decades-old footage of a full-grown lion joyously embracing two young men like an affectionate house cat has made myriad eyes misty since it recently landed on YouTube. What is it about the old, grainy images of Christian the lion that has attracted some 3 million hits and counting?

Is it simply that a lion remembered the two men who raised it and then released it into the wild? Is it nostalgia for a simpler time 39 years ago, when you could walk into Harrods department store in London, stroll through the “exotic animals” section, and buy a live lion cub? Is it a longing for the swinging Austin Powers-era London of 1969, when you could take the animal home to a basement flat, play with it in a nearby churchyard, and even take it to dinner in swanky restaurants?

The answer may be all of the above. After all, people love animals, and there are few things as enthralling as a lion that could kill a person with one swipe of its paw acting like a pussycat with people who obviously love it. Top it off with Whitney Houston’s sentimental love song “I Will Always Love You” as background music, and you have keyboards shorting out all over America from the tears dripping on them.

TODAY played part of the video Tuesday with little comment or introduction, and when the grainy footage, originally shot on 16-mm film, was finished, Meredith Vieira was among the many in the studio wiping away tears.

Two hip Australians
The video is the work of Anthony “Ace” Bourke and John Rendall, two Australians living in the hip Chelsea section of London in 1969. According to published reports, a friend came back from a trip to Harrods and told them that you could buy exotic animals there.

The two friends went there out of curiosity and spotted a 35-pound lion cub in a small cage. The cub had been born in a zoo and sold to the department store, which wasn’t considered that unusual back then.

Bourke and Rendall felt sorry for the cub and bought it for 250 guineas. The store was glad to be rid of it, as the cub had broken out of its cage one night and wreaked havoc on a display of imported goatskin rugs.

Inspired by the Bible and a sense of irony, Rendall and Bourke named the lion “Christian,” a name that became even more appropriate when the Vicar of the St. John’s Church, which called itself the “Church at the World’s End,” gave the young men permission to exercise Christian in the churchyard.

The opening segments of the video show Rendall and Bourke romping with Christian and playing soccer with the lion. A lengthy story published by The Daily Mail newspaper last year said that the pair lived in a flat under the furniture store where they worked and ferried Christian about town in the back of a Bentley. Mick Jagger lived on the same street, and Christian became a local celebrity, even accompanying Rendall and Bourke into restaurants.

Growing pains
But after a year, the 35-pound cub had grown to 185 pounds. Feeding him was costing the friends 30 pounds a week, and in 1970, that was real money. They knew they couldn’t keep Christian, but didn’t know what to do with him.

As luck would have it, actors Bill Travers and Virginia McKenna dropped into the furniture store one day looking for a writing desk. The married couple had just finished filming “Born Free,” the inspirational story of Elsa, the lioness who is reintroduced to the wild, in which they played real-life naturalists George and Joy Adamson (Joy Adamson wrote the book on which the hit film was based). They suggested that Rendall and Bourke contact George Adamson in Kenya.

Rendall and Bourke flew with Christian to Kenya, where they and George Adamson introduced the lion to his natural habitat. When they felt sure he had a new family and a safe territory, the two friends went back to their lives in London. But they kept in touch with Adamson and made a few visits to Kenya to see Christian from afar.

But in 1974, Adamson lost touch with Christian for three months. When he told Rendall and Bourke, they decided to make one last trip to Kenya to attempt to say goodbye to Christian. The night before they landed, Adamson said, Christian suddenly reappeared and sat on a rock outside the naturalist’s camp — as if waiting for his pals.

Emotional reunion
The main part of the film shown on YouTube was shot the following day, when Bourke and Rendall went into the bush to attempt to see their old friend.

The color film has no sound. Subtitles tell the story, but they’re hardly needed. There are two

TODAY
Christian's former owners had been told the lion wouldn't recognize them. But the video shows the lion's obvious joy at being reunited with the two men.

men in flared jeans and shaggy hair, and there is a lion. The huge carnivore approaches from a distance, slowly at first. Then recognition sets in, and soon everyone — men and beast — are hugging and crying.

Christian even brings one of the lionesses in his pride over to meet his former roommates. The Daily Mail story reports that the lioness was clearly not happy with Christian’s two-legged friends, and Adamson told Rendall and Bourke that it was time to leave. They went back to the camp, and Christian went with them, staying up late into the night as the humans partied with their friend.

The next day Christian walked back into the bush, where his lionesses were waiting. He was never seen again — but the power of the Internet guarantees that he will never be forgotten.




© 2008 MSNBC Interactive

Read more!

Tuesday, July 22, 2008

World's Santas meet in Denmark to argue, eat and chase records

NST Online
Tuesday, July 22, 2008, 12.29 PM


NST Online » World News (Agence France - Presse)
World's Santas meet in Denmark to argue, eat and chase records



Santas and elves from around the world gathered in Denmark on Monday to argue over the Christmas calendar, plan slimming exercises and chase a place in the Guinness Book of Records.
And for Father Christmases presiding over the Russian Orthodox holidays, January 6 is the holiest of days, he told AFP.

The most urgent issue was, however, the Santas' health, since "many are so pot-bellied they can't make it down the chimney," Tornvig confided.

Participants had therefore agreed to "adhere not to a diet that would kill off their good spirits but to a series of exercises that would put them in super shape by December," he added.

The Santas will begin toiling Tuesday morning. Dressed in their traditional fur-lined red suits, they will take a long bike-ride around the Copenhagen harbour, parade through the streets and take a quick dip at the port to check out the water quality.

Once they have dried off they will even attempt to set a new, wacky world record: the largest possible number of Father Christmases hula-hooping in unison.

Once again, the Finnish Father Christmas, who insists he is the world's only true Santa Claus and is alone in contesting the special status of Greenland's Santa, did not attend the conference.

"We don't know if he is still pouting or if there is another mysterious reason why he could not come," Tornvig said.

"Whether he likes it or not, everyone, or almost everyone, recognises that the only Father Christmas, the mythical figure, resides on the ice sheets of Greenland. Period," he added.

The convention is scheduled to wrap up on Wednesday.

Copyright © 2008 NST Online. All rights reserved.
Read more!

Thursday, July 17, 2008

Finnish theatre brings opera to the deaf

National Post

Sunday, July 13, 2008

Presented by

Finnish theatre brings opera to the deaf

Agnieszka Flak and Sakari Suoninen, Reuters Published: Sunday, July 13, 2008

Agnieszka Flak, Reuters

On a small island off southwest Finland, a new art form has enraptured audiences, bringing opera to those who might seem farthest beyond its reach: the deaf.

"This is like a new food you order. You don't know what it's going to taste like; you just take it and try it out," said Juho Saarinen, one of a new order of "opera signers," amplifying the mime characteristic of normal opera with sign language adapted to convey the mood and tone of music.

Producer Marita Barber, who gave signed opera its world premiere on the tiny Aland islands of southwestern Finland, had mixed feelings about the concept when it first arose three years ago. She accepted that, as with "hearing" opera, the taste may, for some, take a while to acquire.

"I thought this was going to be a success or a flop . . . then I saw that other people reacted to it and I really wondered why in the world no one had ever done this before," she said after a performance in Helsinki.

Signed theatre is performed frequently at venues around the world, and regular sung opera has been interpreted into sign language on the side of the stage, but this summer the 10-year- old Theatre Totti was the first to make a sign-language opera.

After a performance of 19th-century Finnish composer Fredrik Pacius' The Hunt of King Charles, signer Kolbrun Volkudottir said she felt exhausted, but the effort was worth the pain.

"Usually when you go to the theatre, the show itself is the message. In this case, the most important message was to show that deaf people can do opera

. . . that we can do whatever we want," she said.

In sign language opera, all performers sign rather than sing, with body language and facial expressions central to the experience. Two musicians provide the score for the hearing.

Just as in Milan's La Scala and other grand opera houses of the world, there are surtitles for those who cannot understand the signed libretto.

Finding the right performers for the opera, played on small stages and seen by sellout audiences of about 700 so far, was the hardest task.

"We needed a baritone, a soprano -- we needed facial expressions and gestures to get the feeling and the atmosphere across," Barber said.

Volkudottir, as Leonora, a fisherwoman, signed the soprano role in a graceful and delicate way. "We found the perfect woman," Barber said, adding that dozens of people from several countries auditioned.

Director Marianne Aro made sure every singer found his or her own way of signing. Together with the actors she translated the show into sign language.

Canadian actress Dawn Jani Birley said it was a chance to show the depth of the language she has been using all her life. As she had more than one role in the opera, she transformed her signing style as quickly as she changed costumes.

"Unlike what people think, there are no limits or obstacles to sign language, it's a really beautiful, three-dimensional thing," she said.

Some of the actors in the show, 60 per cent funded by the Ministry of Culture, had theatre experience, others had none.

The audience arrived as unsure of what would unfold as the cast.

"I was afraid it would be a pitiful imitation of opera by the hearing -- but, oh, how wrong I was!" said Kaisa Alanne, Director at the Finnish Association of the Deaf.

"It is as if a new form of art was born."

Alanne said that, though she was deaf, she could feel some sounds vibrate through her body and could sense the rhythm. Some deaf people can also feel high notes, she said.

Saarinen saw a bright future for opera for the deaf.

"We are an example of something that could be replicated elsewhere ... but we have just found it, we have to develop it."

The audience agreed. "They created a new form of signing, an opera-type of signing," said Ojala-Signell, who as a daughter of deaf parents says her native tongue is sign, though she can hear.

"In the opera, the words of the songs were stretched, they had joined different signs together . . . and their facial expressions were very rich as well."

Barber said they chose to emphasize esthetic aspects, even when it might have made understanding harder.

"There are times when it is difficult to understand the signing, it requires concentration, and gradually the audience will get to understand it better," she said.

No concrete plans for another production have been made yet, but the group is in talks with Ukraine's deaf theatre Raduka to produce William Shakespeare's The Winter's Tale next year, starring 16 sign-language singers.

Italy has shown interest in the project as well, Barber said. "But we got there first," she said with a proud smile.


Read more!

Doctors, activists work to stop clay eating in Africa

globeandmail.com


Doctors, activists work to stop clay eating in Africa

The practice of geophagy, widespread among pregnant women, can be harmful to the mother as well as the fetus

From Wednesday's Globe and Mail

MAKENI, SIERRA LEONE — Aisha Jalloh takes one of the hard, smooth balls of clay and rolls it in her hand. It looks like a fossilized dinosaur egg.

"I know it is bad but I wanted to sustain the baby, so I eat it," she says, looking at her newborn daughter. While she was pregnant she would eat between 10 and 15 balls of clay each day. Sometimes she roasted them, sometimes she ate them plain. The old women in her community told her the clay would make her baby strong and remove "bad water" from her stomach.

"When I ate it, the vomiting stopped," she says. She understands the idea of gnawing on a rock-hard piece of clay may seem bizarre, but it's surprisingly common among her friends and family in rural Sierra Leone. Most mothers waiting with her at the maternity clinic admitted they also ate clay.

"It's cultural, it's traditional," said Ms. Jalloh's doctor, James Smith. "We have been telling them to stop taking these things."

The ingestion of earth or clay, known as geophagy, is a little-known but relatively widespread phenomenon in parts of Africa and Asia. It's usually consumed by pregnant or lactating women in order to reduce nausea and supplement a mineral-deficient diet. Some researchers suspect the clay coats the gastrointestinal tract and absorbs toxins, which is why a substance commonly found in the clay is used in some Western anti-diarrheal medicines. But it can also contain harmful parasites and cause lead poisoning, intestinal obstruction and colon rupture.

"It is not medicinal," said Osman Kamara, a local pharmacist who treats many women like Ms. Jalloh. "It leads to appendicitis and operations during delivery."

Dr. Smith said it may also affect the fetus by inhibiting the absorption of nutrients, especially if the clay is ingested in large quantities.

"During the first trimester it might contribute to congenital defects. Babies sometimes have defects, which at the end of the day parents attribute to witchcraft."

He and other area health practitioners have recently started trying to persuade their patients of the potential danger, but so far few women have been willing to listen.

"Illiteracy is very high among women ... about 75 per cent," Dr. Smith said. "We have been telling them to stop, but these people are poor and do not have an alternative."

Many women like Ms. Jalloh say they eat clay because they often can't afford food.

"Sometimes when I'm hungry, I will eat this because of poverty," Ms. Jalloh said. "It helps sustain my life."

Which is why some experts are now switching the focus of their campaign from the customers to the clay miners.

Not far from the hospital, an entire community labours in the midday sun, knee-deep in mud. The men dig the pits and sieve the clay. The children haul off the buckets, and add salt and herbs. The women break the clay into pieces and roll them into balls. The balls are then sold in bags of 12 at markets across the country. One bag sells for 100 leones, the equivalent of three cents.

"We are not happy doing it," said John Kamara as he wades back into the pit and pours out a bucketful of clay. In a good month he will earn about $60. "I hope after my children are educated they will take me out of this filth," he said.

Some community groups are hoping to curb clay-eating by giving the miners a way out.

"If they're going to stop, they need a substitute," said Ramatu Fornah of the Women's Action for Human Dignity, a community-based organization in the heart of Sierra Leone's clay-mining district. "We've targeted about 30 of them and are teaching them agriculture."

With Western fundraising focused on deadly diseases like HIV and malaria, there is very little money available to tackle a problem as obscure as clay-eating. But experts say it's not an issue facing just rural Africa. Clay-eating was spread by West African slaves to states in the American South like North Carolina, where the practice has endured, albeit underground. And due to the arrival of thousands of African immigrants to England, edible clay is even sold in a few London markets.

Dr. Smith said he's not aware of any medical studies about the effects of geophagy on pregnant women and insists more research is desperately needed.

"I don't even know the ingredients of this clay, so we need to do further studies."

But Ms. Jalloh said no study will convince her to stop eating it during her next pregnancy.

"I nearly died because of starvation but [the clay] has helped sustain my baby."

Special to The Globe and Mail

© Copyright 2008 CTVglobemedia Publishing Inc. All Rights Reserved.

globeandmail.com and The Globe and Mail are divisions of CTVglobemedia Publishing Inc., 444 Front St. W., Toronto, ON Canada M5V 2S9
Phillip Crawley, Publisher


Read more!

Tuesday, July 15, 2008

Being jobless has not kept Kirabo from looking after needy kids

The New Vision

Being jobless has not kept Kirabo from looking after needy kids

Publication date: Sunday, 13th July, 2008

Kirabo ( in pink) with some of the children she looks after

By Carol Kezaabu

WAITING by the roadside where the taxi had dropped me moments earlier, I wonder what the lady with the fiercely passionate voice on the phone looks like. She had told me to wait for her to pick me up.

Suddenly, I see a small lady in pink and white, waving at me from a distance. She leads the way to her home, a few metres away. We go through a gate into an expansive compound and big bungalow, which she says is her father’s. At 45, Dorothy Kirabo still lives with her father and her life revolves around the needy children in her small neighbourhood of Makayi Zone, Namirembe.

Kirabo says she has always been passionate about children. Her involvement with them started in 1998. Born in a family of 14 children, she says this is probably why she enjoys having several people around her. She attended Old Kampala Secondary School and the National Teacher’s College Kyambogo. In 1991, Kirabo did a diploma course in theological studies in the US.

“When the pastor at my church encouraged us to go out to the community and open up our homes and hearts, I was immediately drawn to the plight of children in my community,” she says.

When Kirabo reached out to her community, she realised the neighbourhood was not safe for children. Most of them were living in single-parent homes and their mothers could not afford to care for them. Others were missing school, were engaged in rebellion, alcoholism, idleness, drug abuse and sexual promiscuity.

Kirabo started a fellowship in her home which has become a safe haven for many children and mothers in the area. “I decided to take on a few children and pay their fees because I know that education is the key to freedom,” she says. “Most of these children are not orphans but they become ‘orphans’ right in front of their parents’ eyes.”

Kirabo does not have a job; she takes care of her father’s estates and her sister’s rental properties but the little she has allows her to pay school fees for six children in primary school and one in senior two. The children live with their parents, but having them in school gives the mothers time to work and cater for their other needs. Her home is open to another 30 or so children and mothers who come to her for counselling, clothes, food and a sense of belonging.

In 2004, Kirabo adopted one of the boys whose parents could not afford to care for him. Godfrey came from Mityana. His parents had sent him to Sembule to work for a relative. He was there for about three years before he came to Kampala to work as a child-minder at only 11 years. He used to attend fellowship at Kirabo’s home and she noticed he was intelligent and could have a brilliant future given the opportunity.

Kirabo talked to his parents who gave their blessing for her to adopt him. He has been living with her for the last three years. She changed his last name from “Kaitale” to “Muwanguzi”, a testimony of his triumph over countless obstacles. At 15, Muwanguzi is in primary six at Step-by-Step Primary School and doing well. He says the most important thing in his life is being able to attend school again.

Kirabo has big plans for her community. She recently completed a certificate course in nursery teaching at the Young Women’s Christian Association and is constructing a two-room structure adjacent to her home, in which she hopes to hold pre-primary classes. She registered her foundation in 2005 as the Charity Children Ministry. She now receives assistance from her sister who lives abroad and a few local volunteers, although that is still not enough to help her achieve her dream.

Kirabo wants to build a full-fledged school to help more children. She inherited a 40-acre piece of land in Singo on Hoima road on which she plans to build a primary and vocational school to give the children income-generation skills.

Even as she waits to achieve her long term goals, Kirabo’s work has already had an impact on her community. Annet Nassazi, a member of her church, says Kirabo has greatly blessed their community. Her home is always open and people feel safe and welcome. The children engage in music, dance, reading, Bible study, drama and visiting the elderly in the community.

George Ssebbowa, the treasurer of the children’s ministry, says he was attracted by Kirabo’s passion for the children. She gives hope to children who are going to be tomorrow’s leaders, he says.

Kirabo believes people with the means should meet the need of their communities. “It is time for people to rise up and open their hearts to others. A miracle happens when we care,” she says with a smile.


This article can be found on-line at: http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/25/638810


Read more!

Monday, July 14, 2008

Leprosy loses age-old stigma


The Phnom Penh Post

Leprosy loses age-old stigma
PDF Print E-mail
Written by Tracey Shelton
Friday, 11 July 2008
6-leprosy.jpg
Tracey Shelton
Bou Souphal (right) from a project called Social Economic Rehabilitation for Leprosy visits former patient Lay Houth at his garbage recycling business. Once institutionalised for his affliction, Lay Houth is now a successful entrepreneur in Kampong Cham province.

Facts about leprosy

  • Leprosy is not hereditary or sexually transmitted.
  • Leprosy is not fatal.
  • Leprosy does not rot the flesh or cause fingers to fall off.
  • Leprosy is not easy to catch. In reality, an estimated 90 percent of the world’s population is naturally immune.
  • Only around ten percent of leprosy patients incur visible disabilities. After treatment, a patient is totally cured even if disability remains and is no longer contagious. Leprosy treatment is free in Cambodia.
Signs and symptoms

Leprosy begins as numb, discolored skin patches. Left untreated, it begins to attack the nervous system, particularly within the limbs and face. In its worst form, motor skills in the limbs decrease; sweating stops and skin begins to dry out. Feeling in the extremities is lost. Muscle weakness can lead to clawed hands and feet that drop down toward the ground, causing patients to drag their feet. With no feeling or sense of pain, patients frequently injure their hands and feet without knowing it. Unfelt wounds go untreated, dry skin cracks, callous forms. Digits can literally be worn down or lost through injury, leading to the common misconception that leprosy rots the skin. Nerves in the face can also be affected, eventually leading to blindness.
Chey Chourp was a well respected monk within the community until at age 23 he was diagnosed with leprosy. It was 1963 and his sentence was a lifetime of confinement, social fear and discrimination.

He was sent to a leper colony in Kampong Cham known as Treoung village. The only work available was stone breaking for road construction, but this work is dangerous for leprosy patients who commonly have no feeling in their hands.

With no pain, his fingers were repeatedly damaged and often left untreated. Chourp bears the scars, showing hands with barely any fingers left.

“At that time, life here was very strict,” he said. “No one was allowed to go out and people from outside were afraid to come in. I felt hopeless. I didn’t want to live anymore.”

Despite medical breakthroughs, Chourp’s story of confinement and isolation still recurs in many countries.

Fear and misunderstanding have kept segregation policies in place in counties such as India, were by law leprosy patients cannot travel by train or apply for a driver’s license, and China, which has refused to allow anyone having had leprosy to attend the Beijing Olympic Games.

But for Cambodian leprosy patients, times are changing as the Kingdom leads the way with a more modern approach to leprosy treatment.

Dr Lai Ky, Officer in Charge of the National Leprosy Elimination Program (NLEP), said that prior to discovery in the 1980s of a multi-drug therapy (MTD) that completely cures a patient in six-12 months and stops the risk of spreading infection within days, segregation was international policy.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has since adjusted its policy, stating that treatment should be incorporated in the mainstream medical system.

Dr Lai Ky says that now Cambodians in every province can be treated for leprosy in their local health centers, remaining in their communities.

“Through integration, awareness and knowledge is rising,” he said. ”Children on treatment can still attend school. People are not afraid anymore. The stigma is decreasing.”

Pam Gantley, manager of the International Committee of the Order of Malta’s Kien Kleang Leprosy Rehabilitation Center in Phnom Penh, partly attributes Cambodia’s advanced policies to the short lifespan of the current medical system.

Having been reestablished in the 1980s after MDT had been discovered, the center began with an inclusive rather than an exclusive approach to leprosy patients, she said. Segregation policies were never reinstated.

“If you don’t separate people in the first place you don’t need to reintegrate them,” said Gantley. “It makes the job a lot easier.”

Despite the progress, much work remains, Lai Ky said. The number of new cases is declining steadily but there are still around 400 detected yearly.

In 2007, 11.4 percent reached grade 2 disability levels – visible and irreversible disability – before the disease was detected. This indicated detection methods still needed to be improved, Lai Ky said.

Early detection means the disease can be cured before the crippling effects take hold.

The first step when a new case of leprosy occurs is to visit the family and the village and check for other cases, said Bou Sophal, who began directing a pilot project in 2000 now known as Social Economic Rehabilitation for Leprosy (SER).

It is important, Sophal said, not only to teach people what symptoms to look for but to inform them of the coonsequences of leaving the disease untreated. The stigma associated with leprosy causes many to remain silent, he said, so accurate information is the only way to overcome this fear.

“Before I began the SER program, I worked with so many patients who had been cured of leprosy but had felt no change in their lives,” Sophal said. “They were still called khlung [a derogatory term for lepers]. The bacteria were gone but the stigma and fear remained.”

Sophal strives to reassure family and friends in the village that patients under treatment are not contagious and pose no risk by remaining within the community.

The program provides self-care methods and advice to those still suffering the irreversible effects of leprosy. Simple things such as taking care not to touch hot objects like pot handles, wearing shoes to prevent sole lacerations, and cleaning and caring for wounds can prevent further disabilities in patients with no pain reflex.

Through SER, Sophal said he has personally granted small business loans to around 300 patients eager to reenter the job market as food vendors, moto drivers or pig farmers.

“We want people to change the attitude from charity to responsibility,” he said. “We help them to be free and regain their independence. It makes me so happy when I see their success.”

For 34-year-old Kong Sitha, there is no doubt that attitudes have changed dramatically in recent years. In 1991, she and her sister, also diagnosed with leprosy, moved to Cambodia’s only remaining former leper colony, Treoung village in Kampong Cham, from their home 50 kilometers away, even though treatment was available at the local clinic.

Fear and discrimination from neighbors forced them to move, and even after treatment they never returned to their home village. Instead, the pair set up a restaurant on the roadside just outside of Treoung, with a small loan from SER.

Sophal was a big supporter of the restaurant. Always stopping with friends and colleagues, many people would ask him why he wasn’t afraid to eat there.

“I take the opportunity to explain to them there is no risk.”

Over time, knowledge replaced fear and the restaurant became popular, particularly among truck drivers who frequented the busy national highway.

Now both sisters are married to former customers, both truck drivers, and Sitha recently became the mother of a happy, healthy baby girl.

“I never thought it would be possible to live a normal life, but now I’m just like other people,” she said with a broad smile as her daughter giggled in her arms.

Copyright © 2006 - 2008 The Phnom Penh Post.

Read more!

World's oldest blogger makes final post


World's oldest blogger makes final post


July 15, 2008



The Australian woman renowned as the world's oldest internet blogger has made her final post, aged 108.

Olive Riley, of Woy Woy on NSW's central coast, died in a nursing home just after 6am yesterday.

She will be mourned by family and an international readership in the thousands.

"It was mind blowing to her," her great grandson Darren Stone, of Brisbane, told AAP last night.

"She had people communicating with her from as far away as Russia and America on a continual basis, not just once in a while."

Olive had posted more than 70 entries on her blog, or as she jokingly labelled it, her "blob", since February last year.

The ardent Sydney Swans AFL fan shared her day-to-day musings and her life's experiences raising three children on her own, living through two world wars and the Depression, her work as a station cook in rural Queensland and as an egg sorter and barmaid in Sydney.

In her final post, dated June 26, an increasingly frail Olive noted she couldn't "shake off that bad cough".

She also: "read a whole swag of email messages and comments from my internet friends today, and I was so pleased to hear from you. Thank you, one and all."

Olive's musing live on at http://www.allaboutolive.com.au and more recently at http://worldsoldestblogger.blogspot.com.

She was born in 1899, and would have turned 109 on October 20.

"She enjoyed the notoriety - it kept her mind fresh," Mr Stone said.

"What kept her going was the memories she had, and being able to recall those memories so strongly."

Olive's funeral will be held at Palmdale Cemetery, on the NSW Central Coast, late this week.

AAP

This story was found at: http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2008/07/14/1215887459476.html


Read more!

Sunday, July 13, 2008

Tuesday, July 8, 2008

Hero uses van to block runaway car


Hero uses van to block runaway car


June 20, 2008 - 11:46AM

Police have praised a van-driver who successfully stopped a speeding car on a German highway after its driver suffered a fatal heart attack at the wheel.

As the car in the fast lane veered to its left and skidded along a metal safety barrier, the alert van driver, 39, pulled out to the right, overtook it and saw the driver slumped over the wheel.

He placed his van in front of the out-of-control car, allowed it to gently hit the rear end and then applied the brakes hard.

Ambulance crews managed to revive the car driver, 50, but he died shortly after in hospital of the effects of the heart attack.

German police said the incident on Wednesday near Cologne might have ended as a horrific head-on collision if the hero, who has experience of emergencies as a volunteer fire-fighter, had not acted.

He drove away in the slightly crumpled van, which belongs to his employer.

DPA

This story was found at: http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2008/06/20/1213770887579.html


Read more!

Monday, July 7, 2008

Dog becomes recycling champion in Xi'an

July 7, 2008









Dog becomes recycling champion in Xi'an
(China Daily)
Updated: 2008-06-25 11:18

A dog named Duoduo, kept by a resident in Xi'an, capital of Shaanxi province, has learned to be an avid recycler.

"The dog has a habit to pick up waste beverage bottles from the streets and keep them behind my door," said its owner, surnamed Shi.

"At first I did not like it to do that, but one day I realized that the waste material can be sold. I can get some money to buy meat for the dog, as a reward."

Now the owner and the dog have worked out a system. The dog is rewarded for its labor with extra treats.

"I encourage it to continue its effort," Shi said. "And now it improves its living conditions with its own effort."

(Sanqin Daily)


Read more!

Honest rag pickers return misplaced cash

July 7, 2008






Wang, owner of a roadside shop in Shenyang, capital of Liaoning province, was lucky enough to get back every cent of the 5,000 yuan ($730) he had placed in the garbage sack that his wife unknowingly sold to garbage collectors.

Wang's wife called in the husband and wife team of garbage collectors at their shop on Friday and sold them the bag containing the cash.

Realizing his mistake the next day, Wang went to the couple in what he thought was the vain hope of retrieving his money. To his relief and surprise, the honest couple, obviously expecting him to contact them, immediately returned the cash to him.

(Shenyang Evening News)


Read more!

Thursday, July 3, 2008

barclaysamref In partnership with

Katine: six months on

After half a year, Ugandan children can see the results of the Katine Community Partnerships Project being implemented by Amref and Farm-Africa

Katine oldnew classrooms

Masons work on Amorikot primary school's new latrines beside the existing structure. Photograph: Richard M Kavuma

Download our PDF of Farm-Africa and Amref's six-month achievements

Harriet Achen stands in front of an expectant crowd, betraying no sign of nerves. The 14-year-old's portrayal of a rural Ugandan mother of five is convincing. She busies herself setting children tasks to help prepare a family meal and her fellow actors scuttle around obeying Achen's every command.

The floor is swept, each dish is properly covered with white cloth and, crucially, everyone washes their hands before the meal begins. Fellow actor Emmanuel Achibu looks hungry. He recites a rushed prayer, collapses on the floor and pretends to eat in one fluid movement. The crowd erupts in laughter.

There is a serious message being delivered alongside the comedy. Achen and Achibu, from Amorikot primary school in Katine sub-county in rural northern Uganda, are performing a series of plays and poems at a National Sanitation Week event, organised by the African Medical and Research Foundation (Amref). The aim is to help raise awareness of sanitation issues among the Katine community.

Hygiene and sanitation are still critical issues in Uganda, especially in the countryside where education levels are low and access to safe water is far from universal. In 2006, the under-five mortality rate across Uganda was 137 per 1,000 live births. Child health in Katine sub-county is uniformly poor, with high levels of malaria and diarrhoea.

Amref believes that targeting youngsters in schools with educational messages about these issues will help to promote sound practice in households.

Since October 2007, Amref has implemented an integrated development project in Katine with funding from Barclays Bank and donations from Guardian readers. It is a unique partnership, with the Guardian tracking Amref every step of the way, explaining where donations go, how aid works, and how lives are changed as a result.

There are already visible signs of change on the ground in Katine and clear improvements in the lives of its 25,000 inhabitants.

These include the 400 children and teachers at Amorikot primary school, where Amref has just begun constructing seven classrooms, an office block and two blocks of pit latrines. The latrines come with a urinal for the boys and a washroom for the girls. Kadinya-Katine primary school is also to get five classrooms and two latrine blocks.

Until now the school has used temporary mud-and-wattle structures with grass-thatched roofs that sway in the wind or, in rough weather, simply collapse. Inside these structures, children mostly sit on bare earth, and emerge bathed in dust and infested with jiggers (a pest that burrows into the skin, generally under the toenails and fingernails).

"The classrooms we have are leaking," explains Justine Okoropot, a teacher at Amorikot. "Normally when it rains very heavily, we close the school to avoid accidents because these classrooms can easily fall down."

The Ugandan government has built thousands of classrooms over the last decade, but schools such as Amorikot have not benefited because they are community owned, set up by parents eager to save their children from having to walk long distances to the nearest government schools.

Until now the school has had two filthy latrine blocks, each with two stances, meaning that there is only one stance per 100 pupils. The recommended ratio according to Uganda government standards is 40 pupils per stance.

Water and sanitation are both among the eight Millennium Development Goals (MDG) set by the UN in 2000. For Uganda to achieve the MDG in water (to halve the proportion of people without access to clean drinking water or sanitation by 2015), every year for the next seven years there will have to be 1,000 new wells or boreholes with handpumps, and 30 piped systems.

Since October, Amref has rehabilitated five boreholes (benefiting 225 households) and has successfully drilled eight new boreholes (benefiting 360 households). Five 10,000-litre water tanks have been installed in five schools.

It has also distributed 240 sanitation kits to 13 schools and six parishes, created and provided training to water source committees and village health teams (VHTs) and provided bicycles to both sets of groups.

Bicycles are crucial because Katine's 66 villages are spread across six parishes covering 21,400 hectares (83 square miles). The work of VHTs involves collecting drugs from the main health centre (located as far as six miles away), attending meetings and mobilising scattered households for educational and other activities. Clearly, this is work that cannot be done on foot.

Amref says the formation of committees (and their education and training) is not only key to improving health conditions for Katine villagers, but will be instrumental in empowering them to represent themselves better at local government level. It is these groups that will ensure Amref's work is sustainable well beyond the three-year life of its project in Katine.

guardian.co.uk © Guardian News and Media Limited 2008


Read more!

Freed Hostage Betancourt recounts bold rescue

Thursday July 3, 2008

Freed hostage Betancourt recounts bold rescue

By Hugh Bronstein

BOGOTA (Reuters) - Colombian politician Ingrid Betancourt was as shocked as her rebel captors when the aid workers supposedly transporting her to a new location turned out to be government soldiers on a rescue mission.

French-Colombian politician Ingrid Betancourt blows a kiss upon her arrival at the military base in the Catam airport in Bogota July 2, 2008. (REUTERS/John Vizcaino)

The operation on Wednesday to free the former presidential candidate, three Americans and 11 other hostages relied on trickery against the four-decade-old FARC guerrilla group.

Soldiers posed as members of a fictitious nongovernmental organization sympathetic to the rebels and pretended to fly the hostages by helicopter to meet with rebel leader Alfonso Cano.

"We were forced to get on the helicopter handcuffed, which was very humiliating," a pale but smiling Betancourt told reporters from the Bogota air force base where she was reunited with her mother after six years in rebel captivity.

"Then, all of a sudden, they disarmed the two guerrillas who were on the helicopter with us and the chief of the operation shouted, 'We are the Colombian army and you are free!'" she said.

A tearful Betancourt, who the left-wing guerrillas often forced to sleep chained by the neck, thanked Colombia's army for what she called its audacious and "impeccably executed" rescue.

She also thanked a captive army nurse who helped her survive her ordeal, marked by malnutrition, insect bites and jungle diseases. The nurse, William Perez, was rescued in the same operation as Betancourt.

Her hair braided and wearing a camouflage vest, Betancourt recalled seeing the FARC commander who had held her and others hostage for the last four years suddenly stripped of his guns.

"I saw this guerrilla commander, who had so often been cruel to us, on the floor," she said. "But I did not feel happiness. I felt sad."

HIGH PROFILE CAPTIVE

Betancourt was snatched during her 2002 campaign for the presidency, in which she ran on an anti-corruption platform.

The rescue, carried out without a shot fired in the southern jungle province of Guaviare, is a huge victory for popular President Alvaro Uribe, an anti-guerrilla hard-liner who has used billions of dollars in U.S. aid to push the rebels onto the defensive, cut crime and spur economic growth.

Betancourt, 46, was the highest profile captive held by the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, or FARC, Latin America's oldest surviving left-wing insurgency.

"I feel like I'm back from a trip into the past, into prehistoric times," Betancourt said.

"It has been a long time since I've seen an electric light or had running water or hot water."

She was last seen in a rebel video at the end of last year looking ill, gaunt and despondent.

The freed Americans -- Marc Gonsalves, Keith Stansell and Thomas Howes -- all worked for Northrop Grumman and were captured in 2003 after their light aircraft crashed in the jungles while on a counternarcotics operation.

They were on their way home to the United States on Wednesday evening, U.S. Ambassador William Brownfield to Colombia told reporters.

Copyright © 2008 Reuters


Read more!

Wednesday, July 2, 2008

The baby that will die

Mail Online

news

The baby that will die in two weeks unless he gets a donor heart for his first birthday

Find this story at www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1030614/The-baby-die-weeks-unless-gets-donor-heart-birthday.html


AND
Part of the Daily Mail, The Mail on Sunday, Evening Standard & Metro Media Group

© 2008 Associated Newspapers Ltd



Read more!